澳洲社会学论文代写:行为主义

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行为主义包含四个基本假设。首先,有发现千篇一律在政治行为通常被称为“规律性原则”。“试图开发关于政治行为的概括,即预先假设发现千篇一律的关系规律或法则”(Van Dyke:1960,心理)。其次,行为主义规定的使用经验数据是必要的手段维护一个科学方法研究政治(布朗:2011)。第三,有一个明确的价值观和事实之间的区别。“值之间的一个清晰的描述和事实,或许最重要的是,相信事实之间保持中立各种理论”(布朗:2011,第19)。最后,理论应该能够被测试与观察。“至关重要的是,真正的解释性理论必须能够生成实证预测可以检测到反对观察”(桑德斯:2010年,p.52)。理论上最多行为的研究可以产生大量“理论和实证贡献的理解和解释社会行为”(沙玛,沙玛:2003年,p.380)。然而,当我将讨论这些假设是很少应用的完整的应用程序。主张,行为主义有很多优于其他政治科学的研究方法。可能有争议的论断代表的方法是,它扩大了政治科学的范围,之前放松约束。行为主义把人们的注意力从传统法律宪法和政治制度的研究对现实个人的政治活动在所有阶段的政治科学

澳洲社会学论文代写:行为主义

Behaviouralism incorporates four foundational assumptions. Firstly, that there are discoverable uniformities in political behaviour commonly referred to as the 'regularity principle'. "Attempts to develop generalizations about political behaviour, i.e. to advance hypothesis about the relationships to discover uniformities or regularities or laws" (Van Dyke: 1960, p.159). Secondly, behaviouralism dictates that the use empirical data is imperative for the means of maintaining a scientific approach to the study of politics (Brown: 2011). Thirdly, that there is a clear distinction between values and facts. "A clear delineation between values and facts as well as, perhaps most importantly, the belief that facts remain neutral between various theories" (Brown: 2011, p.2). Lastly, theories should be capable of being tested against observations. "Crucially, genuinely explanatory theories must be capable of generating empirical predictions that can be tested against observation" (Saunders: 2010, p.52). Theoretically at best behavioural research can produce a substantial "theoretical and empirical contribution to the understanding and explanation of social behaviour" (Sharma and Sharma: 2003, p.380). However, as I will discuss the full application of these assumption is rarely applied. For its advocates, behaviouralism has a number of advantages over other approaches to the study of political science. Possibly the least controversial assertion made on the approach's behalf was that it broadened the scope of political science, loosening previous constraints. Behaviouralism diverted attention away from conventionally legalistic study of constitutions and political institutions towards the political activities of real individuals in all stages of political science

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